![]() ![]() ![]() In the early days of computing, such as the 1950s and into the 1960s, programmers and developers shared software to learn from each other and evolve the field of computing. Open-source code can be used for studying and allows capable end users to adapt software to their personal needs in a similar way user scripts and custom style sheets allow for web sites, and eventually publish the modification as a fork for users with similar preferences, and directly submit possible improvements as pull requests.įurther information: History of free and open-source software A 2008 report by the Standish Group stated that adoption of open-source software models has resulted in savings of about $60 billion per year for consumers. Open-source software development can bring in diverse perspectives beyond those of a single company. The ability to examine the code facilitates public trust in the software. Open-source software is a prominent example of open collaboration, meaning any capable user is able to participate online in development, making the number of possible contributors indefinite. Open-source software may be developed in a collaborative, public manner. Open-source software ( OSS) is computer software that is released under a license in which the copyright holder grants users the rights to use, study, change, and distribute the software and its source code to anyone and for any purpose. A screenshot of Manjaro running the Cinnamon desktop environment, Firefox accessing Wikipedia which uses MediaWiki, LibreOffice Writer, Vim, GNOME Calculator, VLC and Nemo file manager, all of which are open-source software Open source licensing prohibits charging for open source software.For broader coverage of this topic, see Open-source-software movement. Some commercial distributions charge users a fee for support and customer development services. Most distributions come ready to use and pre-compiled for a specific instruction set, while some distributions are distributed mostly in source code form and compiled locally during installation. There are commercially backed distributions, such as Fedora (Red Hat), openSUSE (SUSE) and Ubuntu (Canonical Ltd.), and entirely community-driven distributions, such as Debian, Slackware, Gentoo and Arch Linux. Currently, more than 300 Linux distributions are actively maintained. ![]() Because it is open source software, anyone can make their own Linux distribution by assembling it from the source code themselves, or by modifying an existing distribution. Linux distributions are available for desktop computers, for servers without a graphical interface, for super computers, for mobile devices, and for special uses, such as home theater PCs and embedded systems. Linux distributions compile code from open source projects and combine it into a single operating system that can be installed and booted up. A single Linux distribution may contain thousands of software packages, utilities and applications. Distros also include an Internet browser, management tools and other software such as the KVM hypervisor. Many components are developed independently from each other and are distributed in source code form. Each distribution includes the Linux kernel (the foundation of the operating system), the GNU shell utilities (the terminal interface and commands), the X server (for a graphical desktop), the desktop environment, a package management system, an installer and other services. A Linux distribution, often shortened to Linux distro, is an operating system compiled from components developed by various open source projects and programmers. ![]()
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